Lucas Janszoon Waghenaer (c.1553-1606) was one of many Dutchmen who sailed the trading waters from Holland as far afield as Spain and the Baltic Sea. He retired from the sea in 1579 and began production of charts using the knowledge he had gained. Part one of the “Spieghel der Zeevaerdt” was published to critical acclaim in 1583, the second part followed in 1585. They are the first modern published sea charts and were engraved by the van Deutecom brothers. They were both functional and of great artistic merit. This particular chart was not present in the early editions and was introduced in the Dutch text issue of 1588. This example bears French text an edition of which was published in 1590. A superb decorative sea chart of the Bristol Channel from Padstow to Bristol and Chepstow to Penbrok. The first printed chart of the area in its second state with the addition of a page number lower left. Decorated with sea monsters, a magnificent compass rose and four sailing ships. Evans, Olwen Caradoc. (1969). ‘Marine Plans and Charts of Wales’, in Map Collectors’ Circle no. 54 no. 1; Koeman (1967-70) IV p. 473 no. XIX* Wag 8A.