This fine chart of the northern Atlantic waters displays the usual courses of the Spanish flotilla and commercial vessels to Boston, New York, Carolina and Virginia. The ‘XIII United States’ identified in the previous state here have the XIII removed. Despite Vermont already being named on the earlier state this is undoubtedly due to the addition of new states to the Union, namely Vermont in 1791, Kentucky in 1792 and possibly by now Tennessee in 1796. In about 1780 Carington Bowles first published “Bowles’s Universal Atlas”. An example of this edition appears to be in the Library of Congress. It was quite possibly intended to be a smaller and more manageable version of Kitchin’s “General Atlas” first published in 1773. Those maps were often multi sheet and folding making their use difficult. In the Bowles atlas the majority of the maps are single sheet. Bowles appears to have re-issued the atlas with revisions just prior to his death in 1793. He was succeeded by his son Henry Carington Bowles (1763-1852) who shortly after formed a partnership with Samuel Carver. The firm was renamed Bowles and Carver and continued trading at No. 69 St. Pauls Churchyard. Most publications by this firm are rare and “Bowles’s Universal Atlas” is no exception. Undated as before the atlas is usually ascribed the date of 1798 or thereafter based on internal evidence. Refer Shirley ‘Atlases in the British Library’ T.Bowl 2a no. 36; Tooley’s Dictionary of Mapmakers.