This important map is the first to depict the new settlement at Sydney Cove and was drawn just six months after it was founded. Arriving in Sydney Harbour on 22 January 1788 Governor Arthur Phillip and the First Fleet spent a little while examining the multitude of coves before settling on Sydney Cove largely due to the freshwater stream feeding it and the deep water in the harbour. The job of surveying the harbour was left to the second in command John Hunter. The printed version published just one year later accompanied Phillip’s account of the colony entitled ‘The Voyage of Governor Phillip to Botany Bay’ and even includes depth soundings. The positions in which the First Fleet vessels were moored are detailed. A legend provides identification of the various buildings already constructed. Clancy p. 142; McCormick ‘First Views’ p. 36 pl. 2; Perry pp. 72-3; Tooley p. 54 no. 741 pl. 168 & p. 236 no. 9; Wantrup p. 63.